Rock Stress Measurement Methods in Rock Mechanics—A Brief Overview

The current brief review paper on rock stress measurement methods is very crucial factors in mining, civil infrastructure, geothermal energy, nuclear underground disposal, large oil storage caverns, etc as well geology and geophysical area. Measurement of situ a challenging difficult quantity not possible to measure directly. Measure the deformation or displacements hydraulic by perturbing converting measured into stress. There are two main categories for measuring methods: direct indirect methods. most common techniques briefly described including advantages, disadvantages limitations. Moreover, authors included application Artificial Intelligence (AI)